18 janvier 2024: Pr Kevan C. Herold
12H30
CMU - AUDITOIRE MÜLLER (A250)
suivi d'un apéritif
Hôte: Pre Valérie Schwitzgebel, Centre facultaire du diabète
Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique, Faculté de médecine UNIGE
PROF. Kevan C. HEROLD
CNH Long Professor of Immunobiology and of Medicine, Endocrinology,
School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven
«Beta cells and Type 1 diabetes: Breaking the destructive relationship»
There is a destructive dynamic relationship between beta cells and immune cells that leads to the destruction of the former, and as a consequence, type 1 diabetes. It is a long standing relationship that unfolds over years and continues even after the diagnosis. Understanding the dynamics of the relationship can identify targets for treatment. One of these targets, T lymphocytes, may be affected by treatment with teplizumab. This drug has been approved in the US to delay the diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes in individuals who are identified at risk for the disease on the basis of finding autoantibodies and impaired beta cell responses to glucose challenge. Regardless of the stage of disease the treatment attenuates the killing of insulin producing beta cells.
Biography
After Dr. Herold’s training in Endocrinology and Immunology at the University of Chicago, and the Hagedorn Research Laboratory in Denmark, he joined the faculty at The University of Chicago, moved to New York to the Columbia University and in 2006 to Yale University. He has built a program in translational immunology focused applying mechanistic discoveries to treat autoimmune diseases, including Type 1 diabetes (T1D). He has pioneered studies of teplizumab a humanized FcR non-binding anti-CD3 mAb (teplizumab) that he showed could reduce beta cell killing without continuous immune suppression and improved clinical outcomes in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Recently, he led a study by NIDDK TrialNet showing teplizumab delayed the onset of clinical T1D in non-diabetic relatives at high risk for T1D and most recently he was the senior investigator on the PROTECT study showing its efficacy in new onset T1D. Teplizumab was approved by the FDA in November 2022 for delay of T1D. It is the first approved drug to modulate the course of type 1 diabetes and first to delay or prevent any autoimmune diseases. His studies have bridged immunology, cell biology and metabolism and identified relationships between immune and endocrine cells. He found recoverable impairments of beta cells in preclinical models and patients by describing how beta cells adapt to and survive immune attack by “dedifferentiation”. He was also the first to describe autoimmune diabetes that was induced by anti-PD-1/L1 checkpoint inhibitors in patients treated for cancers and the clinical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying this event. Lastly he was appointed as the Chair of NIDDK TrialNet in June 2021.
18 janv. 2024